History of First Rocket Invention 🚀
The principles of rocketry were first tested 2,000 years ago, but it is only in recent years that these machines have been used in space exploration. Today, rockets regularly carry spacecraft to other planets in our solar system. Closer to Earth, the rockets that supply the International Space Station can return to Earth, land on their own, and be reused.
Former Rocketry
There are stories that rocket technology was used thousands of years ago. For example, around 400 BC, the Greek philosopher and mathematician, Arkitas, showed a wooden dove suspended on wires. The steam was released and the pigeon was pushed closier, NASA said.
About 300 years after the pigeon experiment, Alexandria's hero is said to have invented the Iolypile (also known as the Hero's engine). The round-shaped device sat on top of a boiling pool of water. The gas from the steam water went inside the sphere and escaped through the L-shaped tube on both sides. The thrower created by the escaping steam spins round.
Historians believe that in the first century A.D. The Chinese first developed real rockets around. Like modern emitting firecrackers, they were used for colorful displays during religious festivals.
For the next few hundred years, rockets were used primarily as military weapons, including the Congreve rocket, developed by the British in the late 1800s.
Rocketry's father
In the modern era, people who work in space lighting usually recognize the three "fathers of rockets" who first helped launch rockets into space. Only one in three survived when the rocket was used to search the distance.
According to NASA, Russian Constantine E. Sisokovsky (1857-1935) published in 1903 what became known as the "Rocket Equation". This equation relates to the relationship between rocket speed and mass, as well as how fast the propellant exits the system and how much propellant there is. The gas is released in 1929.
Robert Goddard (1882-1945) was an American physicist who sent the first liquid-fuel rocket to Auburn, Massachusetts, on March 16, 1926. He has two U.S. patents for the use of liquid-fueled rockets and two- or three-phase rockets using solid fuels, according to NASA.
Hermann Oberth (1894-1989) was born in Romania and later moved to Germany. According to NASA, he developed an interest in rockets at an early age, and at the age of 14 he envisioned a "recoil rocket" that could go into space using nothing but its own exhaust. His studies as an adult included multitage rockets and how to use rockets to protect the Earth from gravity. His legacy has been tarnished by the fact that he helped develop V-2 rockets for Nazi Germany during World War II; Rockets were used to carry out devastating bombings on London. Oberth lived for decades after space exploration began, and rockets led people to the moon and saw reusable space shuttle Heft crew in space.
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| The M15-G1 rocket engine was tested by the American Rocket Society in June 1942 |
Rockets in spaceflight
After World War II, many German rocket scientists migrated to both the Soviet Union and the United States, helping those countries in the 1960 space race. In that competition, both countries tried to show technical and military superiority by using space as a border.
Rockets were also used to measure radiation in the upper atmosphere after nuclear tests. Nuclear explosions stopped largely after the 1963 Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.
While rockets work well in Earth's atmosphere, it's hard to figure out how to send them into space.
Rocket engineering was in its infancy and not powerful enough to do simulations on a computer. This means that seconds or minutes after leaving the launchpad, numerous flight test rockets exploded dramatically.
With time and experience, however, progress was made. On October 4, 1957, a rocket was first used to send something into space on a Soviet satellite launching Sputnik mission. After some unsuccessful attempts, the United States used the Jupiter-C rocket to launch its Explorer 1. The satellite went into space on February 1, 1958.
It took him many years before he felt confident enough to use a rocket to send a man into space; Both countries started with animals (monkeys and dogs, for example). Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was the first man in space to launch a multi-plane flight from the Vostok-K rocket on April 12, 1961. About three weeks later, Lawn Shepard made the first flight of an American suborbital aircraft on a Redstone rocket. A few years after NASA's Mercury program, the agency turned to the Atlas rocket for orbit, and in 1963 John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth.
While aiming for the moon, NASA used the Saturn V rocket, which consisted of three phases 363 feet high - the last of which was able to move away from the Earth's gravity. 1969. And between 1972 the rocket successfully launched six lunar-landing missions. The Soviet Union developed a lunar rocket called the N-1, but its program was permanently suspended after several delays and problems, including a deadly explosion.
NASA's space-shuttle program (1981 to 2011) was the first to use solid rockets to launch humans into space, which is remarkable, as they cannot be shut down unlike liquid rockets. The shuttle itself had three liquid-fueled engines, with two solid rocket boosters stuck on either side. In 1986, the O-ring of a solid rocket booster failed and caused a catastrophic explosion, killing 7 astronauts aboard the space shuttle Challenger. The solid rocket booster was redesigned after the incident.
The rocket was then used to send more spacecraft into its solar system: in the early 1960s, next to the Moon, Venus and Mars, which were later expanded in search of dozens of moons and planets. Rockets have launched spacecraft into the solar system so that astronomers now have images of each planet (as well as the dwarf planet Pluto), several moons, comets, asteroids and small objects. And, powerful and advanced rockets enabled the Voyager 1 spacecraft to launch its solar system and reach space.
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